Te Whakatikatika i te Pūnaha Rūri mō ngā Pūtau Proxy Nui

Ka raruraru te nuinga o ngā pūnaha rīko rahi i te mea kāore te rīko e taea te tuku tono. Ka raruraru rātou i te mea ka noho kāore te pae proxy i te pai i raro i te maha o ngā tono, ngā whakahou, te whakahaere i ngā wāhanga kāore e tutuki, i ngā whakatau huarahi kāore e pai. Ko te whakapai i te pūnaha rīko Scrapy ka āwhina ki te whakatika i ēnei raru mā te whakahaere i te huarahi e neke ana ngā tono i roto i ngā pūnaha proxy, me te whakahaere i ngā hapa, me te tohatoha i ngā wāhanga i waenga i ngā whāinga.

Mā ngā tīma e whakahaere ana i ngā pūnaha proxy rahi, ka noho te pūnaha rīko hei pānga whakahaere i waenga i te rīko me te whatunga. Ka whakapai te rautaki pūnaha rīko e pai ana ki te whakawhānui, ka whakaiti i ngā reiti aukati, ka whakaiti i ngā whakahou kāore e whai hua, me te pupuri i ngā utu proxy i raro i te whakahaere. Ko te whāinga kāore e noho hei huri i ngā IP i te tere. Ko te whāinga ko te pupuri i te putanga pūmau, tika i te rahi.

He aha te mea nui o te pūnaha rīko i roto i ngā pūnaha proxy Scrapy

Ko Scrapy i hangaia hei mōhiohio rīko e taea te whakawhānui. Ka taea e ia te whakahaere i te maha o ngā tono i te pai, engari ka puta te pēhanga ki te pae proxy i te tere.

Kāore he whakahaere pūnaha rīko tika, ka puta ngā raru noa:

• ka whakamahia te proxy kotahi i te nui
• ka huri ngā whakahou i te mutunga kore
• ka noho ngā huarahi kāore e pai
• ka pakaru te pūmau o ngā wāhanga
• ka piki te pāmahana i te pūnaha
• ka piki te auau CAPTCHA
• ka noho te wāhi rerekē i te nui
• ka piki te utu mō ngā hua angitu

Koia te take kāore e tika ana te pūnaha rīko Scrapy hei tuku anake i ngā proxy. Me whakahaere hoki e ia te rautaki huarahi, te pātea hauora, ngā kaupapa whakahou, te pātea i te maha, me te whakakī i ngā hapa.

He aha te mahi a te pūnaha rīko downloader Scrapy

Ko te pūnaha rīko downloader Scrapy e noho ana i waenga i te miihini Scrapy me ngā tono e puta ana.

Ka taea e ia:

• te tuku i ngā proxy
• te whakarereke i ngā upoko
• te huri i ngā wāhanga
• te whakahaere i ngā whakahou
• te whai i ngā hapa
• te whakamahi i te whakatā
• te whakakī i ngā whakautu
• te whakahaere i te whakamanatanga
• te whakarereke i ngā kaupapa huarahi i runga i te wā

Mā ngā pūnaha proxy rahi, ka noho te pūnaha rīko hei roro whakahaere mō te rīko.

I te mea kāore e tuku i ngā tono i runga i ngā proxy rerekē, ka taea e te pūnaha rīko te whakatau:

• ko wai te proxy e tika ana hei whakahaere i te tono
• āhea e tika ana te proxy ki te休
• āhea e tika ana te wāhanga ki te noho pūmau
• āhea e tika ana te huarahi kāore e pai ki te tango
• āhea e tika ana te huarahi kāinga
• āhea e tika ana ngā huarahi iti te utu

Te whakautu tika: me pēhea e whakapai ai i te pūnaha rīko Scrapy mō ngā pūnaha proxy rahi?

Whakapai i te pūnaha rīko Scrapy mā te wehewehe i te whiriwhiri proxy mai i te rautaki whakahou, te whai i ngā pātea hauora proxy, te whakaiti i ngā whakahou e pā ana ki te momo hapa, te pātea i te maha i ngā huarahi, me te whakamahi i ngā wāhanga pūmau anake i te wā e hiahiatia ana te whakatūpato. Ko ngā pūnaha pai e titiro ana ki ngā pūnaha proxy hei hanganga hihiri, kāore hei rārangi IP pūmau.

Te hapa nui i roto i te hoahoa pūnaha rīko

He maha ngā pūnaha rīko e whakamahi ana i te huri rārangi noa:

proxy = random.choice(proxy_list)

Ka mahi tēnei i te rahi iti engari ka noho kāore e pai i te wā e piki ana te maha.

He aha?

Nā te mea kāore e whakaaro te whiriwhiri rārangi:

• te hauora proxy
• te hītori hapa hou
• te pāmahana
• te pānga ki te whāinga
• te whakaritenga geo
• te noho pūmau o ngā wāhanga
• te depth whakahou
• te pēhanga maha

I te rahi, me noho te pūnaha rīko hei whakahaere i ngā kaupapa, kāore hei rārangi noa.

Te hanganga pai mō ngā pūnaha proxy rahi

Ko te hanganga proxy Scrapy e taea te whakawhānui e rima ngā papa.

1. Kaiwhakahaere pūnaha proxy

Ko te kaiwhakahaere pūnaha proxy e pupuri ana i ngā proxy katoa e mahi ana me ngā pārongo:

• IP
• rohe
• ASN
• momo proxy
• hītori hapa
• pāmahana
• te āhua whakatā
• te āheinga wāhanga
• te reiti angitu

Kāore e tika ana te kaiwhakahaere ki te tuku i ngā proxy kāore e pai i te wā e te hiahiatia ana.

2. Papa huarahi pūnaha rīko

Ka whakatau te papa huarahi pūnaha rīko ko wai te proxy e tika ana hei whakahaere i ia tono.

Ka taea te whakatau i ngā huarahi e pā ana ki:

• te rohe
• te momo tono
• te whakaritenga geo
• te wāhanga pūkete
• te pānga ki te anti-bot
• ngā whakaritenga maha
• ngā tauira aukati hou

Ka āwhina tēnei ki te aukati i te whakamahi i te rautaki kotahi ki ngā whāinga katoa.

Kaore e pa ana te hē ki te "huri i te wa e tika ana."

Me whakarōpū te middleware:

• hē 403
• 429 te pātea
• whārangi CAPTCHA
• hē ngoikore
• wātea
• hē geo
• whakautu pūoro
• hē DNS
• take TLS

Ka taea e ia momo hē te whakautu rerekē.

Hei tauira:

Ka āta whakarite tēnei i te hē proxy kāore e hiahiatia ana.

4. Pūnaha tohu hauora

Me whakawhiwhia he tohu hauora ki ia proxy e pā ana ki:

• whakautu angitu
• hē tata
• pātea
• te depth whakahoki
• te auau CAPTCHA
• te ora o te wāhitau

Ka noho ngā proxy hauora ki te mahi mō te wā roa. Ka pātea ngā huarahi ngoikore i te wā.

E pā ana tēnei ki ngā rautaki hanganga pūnaha proxy e whai ana ki te noho pūmau i te wā roa, kāore e huri i te wa e tika ana.

5. Āhuatanga me te paparanga tirohanga

Kāore e taea te whakatūpato, ka waiho hei whakatūpato te whakatikatika i te middleware.

Tirohia:

• te reiti angitu
• te reiti hē
• CPSR
• pātea
• te depth whakahoki
• ngā tono mō ia proxy
• te roa o te wāhitau
• te tika geo
• te auau hē ngoikore

Ka whakaatu ēnei āhuatanga mēnā e whakapai ana te middleware i te putanga tika, kāore e piki ana te rahi o ngā tono.

Datacenter vs routing residential i roto i te middleware

Kāore e tika te whakahaere i ia tono i te mea kotahi.

Mō ngā whārangi iti te pātea, ka taea e datacenter proxies te tuku i te pātea tere me te utu iti.

Mō ngā rerenga pātea, ka taea e residential proxies te whakapai:

• te ora o te wāhitau
• te pūmau geo
• te pono ki te whakauru
• te aukati i ngā bot
• te whakaaturanga i te reo

Me whakatau te middleware ko tehea momo huarahi e whakamahia ana e pā ana ki te mahi.

Ko te rautaki hybrid he ahua pēnei:

Ka pupuri tēnei i te pātea utu nui ki te wāhi e whakapai ana i ngā hua.

Tauira: middleware huri noa

Te hanganga taketake o te middleware:

import random

class ProxyMiddleware:

    def __init__(self, proxies):
        self.proxies = proxies

    @classmethod
    def from_crawler(cls, crawler):
        return cls(
            proxies=crawler.settings.get('PROXY_LIST')
        )

    def process_request(self, request, spider):
        proxy = random.choice(self.proxies)
        request.meta['proxy'] = proxy

Ka mahi tēnei mō ngā pūnaha iti engari kāore e whai i te tirohanga hauora, te whakahaere hē, me te mōhiohio mō te maha.

Tauira: middleware proxy e mōhio ana ki te hauora

He huarahi pai ake e tirohia ana te kounga proxy.

class ProxyPool:

    def __init__(self):
        self.proxies = {}

    def get_best_proxy(self):
        healthy = sorted(
            self.proxies.items(),
            key=lambda x: x[1]['score'],
            reverse=True
        )

        return healthy[0][0]

    def mark_failure(self, proxy):
        self.proxies[proxy]['score'] -= 1

    def mark_success(self, proxy):
        self.proxies[proxy]['score'] += 1

Ka hanga tēnei i te huarahi whakarite i te mea kāore e huri noa.

Ka tāpiri ngā pūnaha whakaputa i ngā:

• wā kāore e hiahiatia
• te whakarite i ngā rohe
• te taumata momo proxy
• te hauora motuhake ki te wāhi
• te rōpū wāhitau
• ngā pūtea whakahoki

Ngā rautaki whakatikatika middleware e whakapai ana i te mahi

Ka rerekē ngā whakautu a ngā rohe ki ngā whanonga proxy.

Ka taea e tētahi whāinga te tango i te rerenga raraunga mai i te pokapū me te ngawari. Ka hiahia pea tētahi atu ki te huarahi whare noho mō ngā hua pūmau.

Me whakarite te middleware i te kaupapa huarahi mō ia rohe, kaua e noho pūmau.

Tātarihia te rautaki whakahou i te rautaki huri

Kaore e hiahiatia he proxy hou i ngā wā katoa e whakahou ana.

I etahi wa:

• ko te wa e tatari ana he wā poto
• kua paku te tere o te whāinga
• kua raru te pūtirotiro
• kua hinga te tono

Ko te huri i muri i ia hapa ka piki te kore pūmau.

Whakamahia ngā wā whakamāro i ngā proxy

I te wā e hinga ana te proxy i ngā wā e repeat ana, tangohia mō te wā poto i te huri, kaua e whakakore tonu.

Ka awhina ngā wā whakamāro ki te karo i ngā whakahou i ngā huarahi kāore e pai.

Whakaritea te maha o ngā tono mō ia proxy

Ka taea e tētahi proxy pai te hinga anō mēnā ka pāngia.

Me tohatoha te middleware i te maha o ngā tono puta noa i te pūnaha, kaua e whakakotahi i ngā tono ki ngā huarahi kua angitu i ngā wā o mua.

Pātea ngā huihuinga pākiki i ngā wā e hiahiatia ana

Ka whakapai ngā huihuinga pākiki i te mau tonu engari ka whakaiti i te ngawari o te pūnaha.

Whakamahia mō:

• ngā mahi taki
• te whārangi whārangi
• ngā kāri
• te tirohanga i runga i te pūkete

Ka karo i te pātea i ngā whārangi motuhake.

He aha hei tirotiro i mua i te whakaroa

Me ine ngā pūnaha proxy nui i te putanga e taea te whakamahi, kaua e te rahi o ngā tono.

Me whai i ēnei tohu i te tino aro.

Te reiti angitu

Te pācenta o ngā tono e hoki mai ana i te raraunga tika.

Te reiti aukati

403, 429, CAPTCHA, ngā whārangi wero, rānei ngā aukati.

Te reiti aukati pātea

Ngā whārangi e taea ana te uta engari e hoki mai ana i te raraunga kāore e tika.

Te depth whakahou

E hia ngā whakahou e hiahiatia ana mō tētahi hua angitu.

Te whakamahi proxy

Me pēhea te tohatoha o ngā tono puta noa i te pūnaha.

Te ora o te huihuinga

Me pēhea te roa e taea ana te huihuinga te whakamahi i mua i te whakaiti.

CPSR

Te utu mō ia tono angitu.

CPSR = te utu katoa o te hanganga / ngā putanga whakamana angitu.

I ngā kupu māmā: Ka ine te CPSR i te utu o ia hua e taea ana te whakamahi i muri i ngā whakahou, te rorohiko, me te whakapau i ngā proxy.

He tauira i te ao: te hanganga rīki eCommerce

Ka whakahaerehia e tētahi rōpū eCommerce ngā kaikawe Scrapy 500 e pā ana ki ngā mākete maha.

Ko te putanga tuatahi e whakamahi ana i te huri rārangi me ngā whakahou pūmau. Ka piki te reiti aukati i ngā wā e piki ana te rerenga, nāna i te rārangi whare noho e pāngia i ngā wā e teitei ana.

Ka whakauru te middleware i whakapai:

• te huarahi i runga i te rohe
• ngā kapu concurrency mō ia proxy
• ngā wā whakamāro
• te whakarite i ngā rohe
• te ine i te hauora

Ko te hua he iti iho ngā whakahou me te iti iho te CPSR ahakoa e whakamahi ana i ngā proxy iti iho.

He tauira i te ao: te tirohanga SERP

Ka kohikohia e tētahi papa SEO ngā hua rapu i te reo i ngā rohe maha.

Ka pā te huri rārangi ki te rerekētanga o te rohe me ngā whakaritenga kāore e pūmau.

Ka herea te middleware i whakapai:

• tētahi rohe
• tētahi huihuinga
• tētahi rōpū tono
• tētahi huarahi whare noho

Ka puta tēnei i ngā hua i te reo e taea ana te whakamahi me te whakaiti i te rerekētanga i te whakaritenga.

Ngā hapa noa i te whakapai middleware

Te tango i ngā hapa katoa i te ara kotahi

Ko te 403, te tatari, te CAPTCHA, me te rerekētanga geo kāore e tika ki te whakaoho i te whanonga whakahou.

Te huri i ngā proxy i te ara kaha

Ka hanga te huri kaha i te kore pūmau, kaua e iti iho ngā aukati.

Te noho kāore e aro ki ngā aukati pātea

Ko te waehere HTTP angitu kāore e whakarite i te raraunga e taea ana te whakamahi.

Te whakamahi i tētahi kaupapa huarahi i te ao katoa

Ka rerekē te whanonga o ia rohe. Me whakarite te huarahi i runga i te whāinga.

Te pāngia i ngā proxy e mahi ana

Ka riro mai ngā proxy angitu i te nui o te rerenga, ka raru te mahi.

Te ine i te rahi o ngā tono, kaua e te putanga e taea te whakamahi

Kaore e taea te nui o ngā tono te tohu i te nui o te uara. Me whai i te putanga whakamana i te wā e taea ana.

Te whakaiti i te utu mō ngā pūnaha proxy nui

Ka riro ngā pūnaha proxy nui hei utu i te wā e piki ana ngā whakahou i te kore pūmau.

Ka whakaiti te whakapai middleware i te utu mā:

• te whakaiti i ngā whakahou e kore e hiahiatia
• te whakapai i te ora o te huihuinga
• te tohatoha i te taumahatanga i te pai
• te karo i te huarahi whare noho kāore e hiahiatia
• te whakaiti i te auau CAPTCHA
• te whakapai i te kounga o ngā tono angitu.

Mo nga tauira whakaritenga whanui, whakakotahi te whakapai i te middleware me nga tutorial proxy e noho ana hei whakarite i te whanonga proxy ki te mau tonu i nga anga me nga roopu.

Me pehea te whakawhanake i te middleware i te wa

Kaua e whakapai i nga mea katoa i te wa kotahi.

He whanaketanga whaihua:

1. Tīmatahia ki te hurihanga māmā.
2. Tāpirihia te tohu hauora.
3. Wehea te rautaki whakahoki.
4. Tāpirihia te huarahi motuhake ki nga rohe.
5. Whakauruhia te whakaritenga o te rōpū.
6. Tirohia te CPSR.
7. Tāpirihia te whakatika kaupapa urutau.

Ka ārai tēnei i te whakakino i mua i to mātou mōhio ki te whanonga e hiahiatia ana.

Nga Pātai e Pā Ana

He aha te whakamahinga o te middleware Scrapy i roto i nga pūnaha proxy?

Ka whakahaerehia e te middleware Scrapy te huarahi e tukatukahia ai nga tono i mua i te wehe i te scraper. I roto i nga pūnaha proxy, ka taea e te middleware te whakahaere i te hurihanga, nga whakahoki, te whakamanatanga, te huarahi, te tohu hauora, me te whakahaere i nga hapa.

Me hurihia e Scrapy nga proxy i runga i ia tono?

Ehara i te mea ko nga tono motuhake ka taea te hurihanga i runga i te kaha, engari ko nga mahi i runga i te seshion ka hiahia pea ki te huarahi mau. Me rite te hurihanga ki te whanonga e hiahiatia ana.

He aha te take e raru ana nga poka proxy nui?

Ka raru nga poka nui i te wa e whakahaerehia ana te rōpū, nga whakahoki, te huarahi, me te whakahaere i nga seshion i runga i te huarahi kino. Kaore e taea e te maha o nga proxy anake te whakarite i te mau tonu.

He aha te momo proxy e pai ana ki Scrapy?

Ka pai te mahi a nga proxy pokanga mo nga whārangi iti te pānga me te rapu i nga mea. Ko nga proxy kāinga he pai ake mo nga mahi tiaki, e pā ana ki te whenua, i nga mahi e hiahiatia ana te seshion.

Me pehea e taea ai e koe te whakaiti i te CPSR i roto i nga pūnaha rīpene nui?

Whakaitihia nga whakahoki, tohaina te rōpū i runga i te tika, whakarōpūhia nga hapa i runga i te tika, me te whakamahi i te huarahi kāinga i reira anake e whakapai ana i te putanga tika.

He aha te mea me tirotiro e au i roto i te middleware Scrapy?

Tirohia te reiti angitu, te reiti aukati, te pāmahana, te depth whakahoki, te ora o te seshion, te whakamahi proxy, te tika whenua, me te CPSR.

Nga whakaaro whakamutunga

Ko te whakapai i te middleware Scrapy he mea nui mo te whakahaere. Ka noho pūmau nga poka proxy nui ka mahi tahi te huarahi, nga whakahoki, te rōpū, me te whakahaere i nga seshion, kaua e mahi motuhake.

Ko nga pūnaha kaha ka whakahaere i nga proxy hei hanganga dinamik, kaua hei rārangi IP pūmau. Ka huarahi rautaki, ka whakarōpū i nga hapa i runga i te tika, ka piki anake i muri i te ine i te kounga putanga tika.

Mo nga roopu rīpene nui, ko te whakapai i te middleware tetahi o nga whakapainga tino whaihua e wātea ana na te mea ka pā ki te mau tonu, te mahi, me te utu hanganga i te wa kotahi.